Addiction to drugs is considered a disease that affects your brain and behaviour. Such addictive drugs stimulate the pleasure point of your brain, creating a quick and intense feeling of reward, leaving the user asking for more.
Smoking is one of the popular forms of consuming tobacco worldwide and its implications vary significantly compared to other drugs like cocaine, heroin, and alcohol. This blog aims to compare smoking tobacco to other highly addictive drugs, discussing the potential for addiction, health risks, and the impact it has on society.
Five Most Addictive Drugs
The following drugs are known as highly addictive because of the intense pleasure they offer when using and the negative emotions experienced when they wear off. Long-term use of these drugs can lead to withdrawal symptoms and cravings when the drug is not used.
Cocaine
Usually, the powdered cocaine is snorted, but it can also be injected by dissolving in water for a more intense high in a shorter duration. It creates a “quick-high” in the brain as soon as it’s taken by filling your brain with the neurotransmitters that are responsible for pleasure, known as dopamine. These pleasures are quick, intense and short-term, thereby letting the users get hooked to intake more and more as often as needed.
Heroine
This is another illegal drug that is said to activate the opioid receptors in the brain and thereby eliminate the feeling of pain, increasing relaxation. It also creates euphoria in the user’s brain by releasing dopamine.
Alcohol
Being legal for adults above 18, Alcohol is one of the most commonly used drugs in Australia, with 40% of adults drinking alcohol at least once per week. When consumed, alcohol improves your mood by raising dopamine levels. It slows down your central nervous system while lowering your heart rate and blood pressure. This causes sedation, leading to impaired motor activities and thinking. You also become more talkative and sociable with mood swings and poor impulse control.
Nicotine
This is one of the primary active chemicals found in tobacco, which is considered highly addictive. Today tobacco is regarded as the leading cause of cancer in Australia because of the widely available smoking habit. Nicotine is absorbed into the body via the mucosal lining of the mouth and nose via the lungs. Nicotine elevates your mood within 10 seconds of smoking and lasts hours. When you smoke regularly, you become addicted to this intense pleasure of nicotine quickly, and thereby it becomes the hardest of all to quit. There can be minor to severe cravings and withdrawal symptoms when a smoker tries to quit.
Methamphetamines
Shortly known as meth, this is a man-made, highly stimulant drug made in the clandestine labs. Users smoke, snort or inject this into the body for an “intense high”, that improves focus, reducing the need for sleep and appetite. It increases the excitement and pleasure in the human body, leaving you craving for more over time. Increased doses can lead to meth’s drug dependence.
Comparing the Health Risks of Smoking with Other Drugs
1. Smoking Tobacco
Smoking tobacco is a leading cause of lung cancer, mouth cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. It introduces carcinogens that can damage the DNA in your cells, leading to cancerous mutations. Cardiovascular risks include increased heart rate, blood pressure, and potential for heart attacks and even strokes.
Moreover, continued smoking also causes respiratory issues like Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to the inhalation of toxic substances that damage lung tissue. Due to these health issues, smoking is responsible for a significant portion of preventable deaths worldwide. In fact, it contributes to more deaths annually than alcohol and illicit drugs combined.
2. Other Drugs
Alcohol:
According to the NHS report, if you’ve been regularly drinking for more than a decade, it can lead to liver diseases, various types of lung and mouth cancers, strokes and even brain damage. However, moderate alcohol use is often socially accepted and legally permissible.
Cocaine and Heroin:
These drugs have severe immediate effects, including overdose risks and profound impacts on mental health and social stability. Continuous use of cocaine for longer periods of time can affect your neurological and cardiovascular systems, damaging your liver and kidneys. Regular use of heroin can also cause fertility issues, pneumonia and other respiratory issues. By sharing or reusing needles, there are also higher risks of HIV and hepatitis.
Methamphetamines:
According to the NIDA reports, people who use meth for a long time can have psychotic issues like paranoia and hallucinations. It can also damage parts of the brain that are responsible for learning and remembering.
Addiction Potential
Nicotine
Nicotine is highly addictive, and cigarettes often provide the free-base form of nicotine to the brain, which is much more powerful than plain nicotine. According to a study, around 57% of people have admitted that cigarettes are harder to quit compared to other drugs. This is because cigar acts on the brain’s reward centres, increasing dopamine release, which reinforces smoking behaviour and makes quitting difficult. Withdrawal symptoms of this can include anxiety, irritability, and depression.
Other Drugs:
Cocaine and heroin are also highly addictive due to their profound effects on the brain’s chemistry. Cocaine withdrawal can lead to depression and cravings, making it harder to quit without professional help.
The withdrawal symptoms of heroin can also affect you both physically and mentally. Besides, the American Society of Addiction Medicine states a quarter of those who try heroin, become addicted to it. Common withdrawal symptoms include depression, flu-like signs and insomnia.
Conclusion
Both smoking tobacco and the use of other drugs present significant health risks and societal challenges. While nicotine and other drugs like heroin and cocaine share high addiction potential, the long-term health consequences of smoking, especially its contribution to cancer and cardiovascular diseases, make it a major public health issue. So, if you are a smoker or any other drug addict, try finding the nearest rehab centre to get rid of them and find a better version of yourself.
